內容大綱
Introduction
1. Resources of Microcontrollers
1.1 In this Chapter
1 1.2 Microcontroller Architectures
1 1.3 The Memory Map
1.4 CPU Registers
1.4.1 The CPU Registers of HC11
1.4.2 The CPU Registers of AVR
1.4.3 The CPU Registers of 8051
1.5 The Peripheral Interfaces
1.6 The Interrupt System
1.6.1 General Description of the Interrupt System
1.6.2 Distinctive Features of the Interrupt System of HC11
1.6.3 Distinctive Features of the Interrupt System of AVR
1.6.4 Distinctive Features of the Interrupt System of 8051
1.7 Expanding the Resaurces of Microcontrollers
1.7.1 HC11 Operating with External Bus
1.7.2 AT90S8515 Operating with External Bus
1.7.3 8051 Operating with External Bus
1.8 Exercises
2 Using the Digital I/O Lines
2.1 In this Chapter
2.2 Overview of the Parallel I/O System
2.3 Electrical Characteristics of the I/O Lines
2.4 Controlling the I/O Lines by Software
2.5 Exercises
3 Using the Asynchronous Serial Interface
3.1 In this Chapter
3.2 Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Communication
3.3 Error Detection in Asynchronous Communication
3.4 The General Structure of the Asynchronous Serial Communication Interface
3.5 The Serial Communication Interface of 68HC11F1
3.6 The Asynchronous Serial Communication Interface of AVR Microcontrollers
3.7 The Asynchronous Serial Interface of 8051
3.8 Programming the Asynchronous Serial Interface
3.8.1 Programming the SCI of HC11
3.8.2 Programming the UART of AT90S8535
3.8.3 Programming the UART of 8051
3.9 Hardware Interfaces for Serial Communication
3.9.1 The RS232 Interface
3.9.2 Differential Communication. The Interfaces RS422 and RS485
3.9.3 The Current Loop Interface
3.10 Basic Principles of Networking with Microcontrollers, Using the Asynchronous Serial Interface
3.11 Exercises
4 Using the Synchronous Serial Interface SPI
4.1 In this Chapter
4.2 General Description of the SPI
4.3 The SPI of HC11 Microcontrollers
4.4 The SPI of the AVR Microcontrollers
4.5 Examples of Using The SPI
4.5.1 Using the SPI To Connect Two Microcontrollers
4.5.2 Expanding the I/O Space Using the SPI
4.6 Exercises
5 Using The I2C Bus
5.1 In this Chapter
5.2 The Principles of Implementation of the I2C Bus
5.2.1 The Start Transfer Condition
5.2.2 The Data Transfer on the I2C Bus
5.2.3 The ACK Bit
5.2.4 The STOP Condition
5.3 A Software Implementation of the I2C Protocol
5.4 Accessing 24C256 Memory Devices
5.5 Exercises
6 Using the MCU Timers
6.1 In this Chapter
6.2 The General Structure and Functions of the Timer System
6.3 Distinctive Features of the General-Purpose Timer of HC11
6.3.1 The Control and Status Registers of the HC11 Timer
6.3.2 Exercises Regarding the Use of the General-Purpose Timer of HC11
6.4 Distinctive Feature of the Timer of the AVR Microcontrollers
6.4.1 The 8-Bit Timer/Counter Timer0
6.4.2 The 16-Bit Timer/Counter Timer1
6.4.3 Synopsis of the Timer I/O Registers of AT90S8115
6.4.4 Summary of the Unique Features of the AVR Timer
6.4.5 Exercises Regarding the Use of AVR Timers
6.5 Distinctive Features of the Timer System of the 8051 Microcontrollers
6.5.1 The Control and Status Registers of the Timer
6.5.2 Description of the Timer Operating Mode 0
6.5.3 Description of the Timer Operating Mode 1
6.5.4 Description of the Timer Operating Mode 2
6.5.5 Description of the Timer Operating Mode 3
6.5.6 Using Timer1 as a Baud Rate Generator
6.5.7 Exercises for Programming the 8051 Timer
6.6 PWM Timers. Principles of Operation
6.7 Watchdog Timers
6.7.1 The Watchdog of HC11
6.7.2 The Watchdog of AT90S8515
7 Interfacing to Analog Signals
7.1 In This Chapter
7.2 The Analog Comparator
7.3 The General Structure of the A/D Converter Subsystem
7.4 The A/D Converter of the HC11 Family of Microcontrollers
7.5 Exercises on Programming the A/D Converter of HC11
7.6 The A/D Converter of the AVR Microcontrollers
7.7 Exercises on Programming the A/D Converter AT90S8535
7.8 Digital-to-Analog Converters
7.8.1 The Principles of the D/A Conversion
7.8.2 Exercise on Using MX7224
8 Using the Internal EEPROM Memory
8.1 In this Chapter
8.2 Overwiew of the EEPROM Subsystem
8.3 The EEPROM Memory and the CONFIG Register of HC11
8.3.1 The Registers Controlling the EEPROM of HC11
8.3.2 Software Routines to Erase and Write the EEPROM
8.3.3 The CONFIG Register
8.4 The EEPROM Memory of the AVR Microcontrollers
8.4.1 The Registers of the Interface with the EEPROM Memory
8.4.2 Software Routines to Read and Write EEPROM
9 HC11 Development Board
9.1 In this Chapter
9.2 Description of the Hardware Module
9.3 Assembling and Testing the Module
9.4 Description of the Software Components
9.5 Exercises
10 AVR Development Board
10.1 In this Chapter
10.2 The Hardware
10.3 Testing the Circuit
10.4 The Software
10.5 Exercises
11 8051 Development Board
11.1 In this Chapter
11.2 Hardware
11.3 The Software
11.3.1 Installing the Cross-Assembler
11.3.2 Writing and Testing Simple 8051 Programs
11.3.3 Loading and Executing Programs in the External Ram Memory
11.4 Exercises
12 Digital Voltmeter with RS232 Interface
12.1 In this Chapter
12.2 The Hardware
12.3 The Software
12.4 Exercises
13 Simple RS485 Network with Microcontrollers
13.1 In this Chapter
13.2 The Hardware
13.2.1 The RS232-to-RS485 Converter
13.2.2 The Digital Input Module
13.2.3 The Analog Input Module
13.2.4 Using the AVR Development Board to Emulate The SLD and SLA Modules
13.3 The Software
13.3.1 Description of the Communication Protocol
13.3.2 The Software for the SLD Module
13.3.3 The Software for theMASTER Device
13.4 Exercises
14 PI Temperature Controller
14.1 In this Chapter
14.2 Basic Concepts
14.3 Hardware Implementation of a Microcontroller-Based Temperature Controller
14.4 Software Implementation of a PI Temperature Controller
15 Fuzzy Logic Temperature Controller
15.1 In this Chapter
15.2 The Principles of Fuzzy Control
15.3 A Microcontroller Implementation of a Fuzzy Controller
16 Remote Relay Controller over Telephone Lines
16.1 In this Chapter
16.2 Description of the Hardware Solution
16.3 Description of the Software
APPENDICES
A.1 Glossary of Terms
A.2 Description of the Registers of 68HC11F1
A.3 HC11 Instruction Set
A.4 An Example of Expanded Structure with HC11
A.5 Using HC11 in Bootstrap Mode
A.6 The Registers of AT90S8535
A.7 AVR Instruction Set
A.8 AT90S8515 Operating with External RAM
A.9 In-system Programming the AVR AT90S8535
A.10 The Special Function Registers of 8051
A.11 8051 Instruction Set
A.12 An Example of 8051 Operating with External Bus
A.13 Programming the Internal Memory of 8051
A.14 SPI Seven-Segment Display Units
A.15 Description of the Software Utility ASMEDIT
B.1 Contents of the Accompanying CD
B.2 Recommended Readings and Web References
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